The Oldest State: Biologically Build; Socially Constructed indir kitap bedava

The world is composed of different states by identities that speak languages especially people who speak one language made most of the state. Also states were calls with name uniquely by identity that made that particular state. However, state is a social personal that has influence of particular culture on its way of governing and governmenting. State also is repeating itself with back and forth within the cultural grid produce by languages and identity. Human state is iterating through three loops, the loop one was a city state. Loop two was an Empire state of 3rd century BCE while loop three is a current nation state. The nature of loop one was purely ethnic because the state was by identity and ethnic union or what Aristotle called family association. Loop one city state went out to cross its boundaries to invade other weaker city states. That brought about of loop two which was a hegemony of oppressor on oppressed. Romans, Greeks, Persians and Mongols were example of such loop. The nature of loop two heterogeneous state that oppressing other homogenous cities state. Macedonia swallowed Athena, Thales, Sparta, Persepolis, Egypt city states. They became together a one state known as Alexander Empire or Greeks Empire. It became one heterogeneous state rule by homogenous in the name of one state. Third Loop is known as nation state, it is a homogenous state made through the treaty of Westphalia. Homogenous westphalian nation states colonized other homogenous state in Africa and Asian and made them heterogeneous states. Heterogeneous state of Africa or of several kind speak homogenous languages. State one, state two and the third state are fluctuating. There were competing cultures within Romans Empire which cause lengthy that last six hundred years between Barbarians and Romans. Africans fought Europeans only to be themselves as Africans in the first and nationalities in the other hand. Before, there were Europeans wars which resulted to Westphalia treaty that brought of national sovereignties. Africa is in crisis of identities conflict in nature as it was in previous stages. Why state is looping around ethnic identities despise human beings are rational animals by modernity and scientific method. At point in time, we are at third round of the looping of human state. What would be the fourth round of human state, will it goes more to the same direction? Would Alexandre Kojeve be right with regard to homogenous claim that he made, that the universal state is going to a homogenous state at the end of the history. Humans had grouped themselves in languages or in identities with each made a state of their own. It seem like more wars were caused by identity in the past centuries throughout human history.