Animals And People İn The Ottoman Empire indir kitap bedava

Similarly to members of other preindustrial and industrial societies the subjects of the Ottoman sultans depended on the animals they raised and whether they liked it or not certain nondomestic animals sharing their home environments had a profound impact on their lives as wellNumerous topics await discussion quite apart from milk yoghurt and cheese honey was in great demand as it was one of the principal sweeteners in a world where sweet foods were popular yet cane sugar was scarce and expensive Beekeeping was therefore a common activity in Anatolian Balkan and Syrian villages For clothing and the outfitting of dwellings animals also were indispensable the wool from local sheep served to make cloaks and vests of different qualities to say nothing of the kelims and carpets that made the reputation of towns like Uşak or Gördes in western AnatoliaAnimals were also the principal source of motor energy in many places horses drove the mills where the inhabitants ground their flour Most importantly animals were indispensable to peasants as oxen drew the plough Throughout Anatolia moreover oxdrawn carts were common and in eighteenth and nineteenth century Istanbul women often went to the picnic grounds surrounding the city in such conveyances gaily decorated for the occasion In a less peaceful vein before the late 1700s most gunpowder was also a product of horsedriven millsWelltodo travellers but also the Ottoman court and army made extensive use of horses The sultans rapid conquest of southeastern and a sizeable chunk of central Europe would have been impossible without the famous cavalry of sipahis Fine horses were a source of prestige and expensive to celebrate these prized possessions their owners often spent a great deal of money on saddles saddlecloth and bridlesOttoman dignitaries also typically went hunting on horseback and in this case they made extensive use of different birds of prey some taken as nestlings and others captured when fully grown While much of ou